You can do unexpected damage by employing many offerings in the wrong way. We were reminded of that sad fact when one of our young colleagues offered to lead a tour of his old college so one of our offspring could learn more about the school.

On the way into town, the colleague pointed to a large scar in the bark of a tree about 15 feet off the ground. That scar, he informed us, was where his BMW’s bumper hit the tree as the car tried to become an airplane during a high speed trip through the mountains. We slowed down in honor of this shrine to youthful folly and tried to think of reasons for my offspring not to apply to this school.

In various parts of the world, it’s permissible to drive long before teenagers have the skill or the good sense to do it well. I am humbled to remember my driving accidents at 16 that did not recur at 17, 18, or 19. Experience must be a good teacher.

But experience has quite a price. Vehicle accidents take hundreds of thousands of lives and leave millions maimed and saddened every year. Inexperienced drivers are involved in more than their fair share of such accidents.

Having taken courses in how to drive and having arranged for my offspring to do the same, I noticed that young people are helped by such education while they are unskilled. Seat belts are fastened. The right foot reaches the brake pedal faster and is more tentative in pressing down the accelerator. The head swivels left and right before entering an intersection. There’s more distance between the car and the one in front.

Vehicle manufacturers lose potential business because young drivers aren’t very skillful. Families are more likely to keep old Betsy running as a teenager-driven vehicle until their children reach the safe and sane driving stage.

If teenagers drove more safely, new vehicle sales would be a lot higher because teenagers love new wheels more than all but sports car buffs. Having teenagers in the house also inhibits Mom and Dad from indulging in something racy that they would enjoy. Taking a hot car out for a spin would be too tempting to the younger generation.

The same thing happens in other markets. Fearing that accidents will happen, purchases are deferred or reduced to reflect concern about those potential accidents. If teenagers can create mayhem with a vehicle, think what they could do with a racing boat!

By comparison, the commercial aviation field rarely experiences accidents. Airlines feel confident about buying new planes that cost tens of millions and trusting the planes to their crews. What’s different?

Before becoming commercial pilots, all but a few aviators have logged many hours in the air in military aircraft. Since many people want to become commercial pilots, only the most talented and reliable are selected from among the experienced.

But that’s not enough. Pilots have to qualify to fly an aircraft.

Qualifying usually involves lots of time in a simulator where ingenious controls allow the person conducting the simulation to create instant hurricanes, wind shear at landing, equipment failures of all kinds, and other disasters. Airlines have found that if you practice dealing with situations that could lead to accidents, you are more likely to avoid accidents and to know what to do to minimize the problem should an accident become unavoidable.

Unlike the education a new driver receives, a pilot is expected to keep practicing these important lessons under strict supervision. Flight hours must be maintained. Practice time in simulators needs to be logged on schedule. Regular physicals are required to catch medical problems before they impair flight performance. Show up for work with alcohol on your breath once, and someone will probably turn you in. That slip will get you permanently grounded by your employer.

But education can only go so far. Offerings have to be designed to avoid accidents.

Imagine my surprise when I first backed out of the driveway in our new car . . . and nothing happened when I hit the brakes at the end of the driveway. Fortunately, there were no cars coming as I slewed into the street just before the brakes miraculously began to work.

The next time I backed out it was more tentatively and the brakes also didn’t work. After a few telephone calls to the manufacturer, I eventually learned that this car briefly disengaged its brakes a few seconds after you first drive forward or backward before allowing the brakes to function normally again.

To me, that’s a design flaw that will cause accidents. To the manufacturer, it was a good engineering design for some reason that’s incomprehensible to me.

With time and understanding of the design, I learned to go very slowly until I have permanently effective brakes. Perhaps this quirk is disclosed somewhere, but I have never seen a written warning about it. Even with a dangerous design, educating people about what’s going on and what to do can cut down on accidents.

What’s it worth to avoid an accident? The savings can be enormous. If a new pharmaceutical turns active people who mix drugs inadvertently into shut-ins who need constant care, the cost can be millions for each affected person. If a vehicle has a flaw that causes it to roll over when drivers take turns too fast, thousands of unsuspecting families may be destroyed by death, paralysis, and recriminations aimed at the surviving purchaser or driver. The economic costs alone will be measured in billions of dollars.

Accidents from using offerings are often one of the biggest emotional and financial costs for beneficiaries, customers, and users. Help these stakeholders avoid accidents that come from a lack of skill in using the offerings, and you’ll expand the use of the offerings and slash costs for everyone.

How can you eliminate harmful costs by helping the unskilled avoid accidents?

Naturally, you should be sympathetic and helpful to people who’ve just had a bad experience. But you shouldn’t stop there. Try to sort out what went wrong.

A good model to consider is what happens after a fatal airplane crash. Expert investigators look for the plane’s flight recorders to see what the conditions were, what was said, what the pilot and crew did, and how the plane functioned. Like crime scene investigators, these experts also pick up the pieces and examine them for clues as to what failures contributed to the crash.

Investigators will interview eye witnesses and review computer-based maintenance records. From these investigations, patterns emerge that lead to inspections of other planes, reviews of maintenance procedures and reconsiderations of appropriate pilot training.

In some cases, carefully staged and measured simulations may be run to find out what might have gone wrong. Here’s another example from the commercial airline industry: When new commercial planes are being certified, tests are run to see how long it takes to evacuate the passengers and crew from the cabin under various less-than-ideal conditions.

These simulations might include having the lights go out and simulating a cabin filled with smoke. Occasionally a plane is so poorly designed for rapid exit that many are injured during the initial simulations. By filming the actions that each participant takes, the airframe manufacturer can see some of what misled people or hindered smooth and rapid safe exits. After an accident, such a simulation can be used to detect the apparent sources of unexpected problems.

But that’s not enough. From talking to those who had been in accidents and participated in safety experiments, designers learned that panicky passengers are likely to look to exit towards the door through which they entered the aircraft . . . and overlook a closer safety exit located behind them in the plane. Those who had been involved described how being seated facing towards the flight deck focused their attention on what they could see without turning around. Safety demonstrations now feature showing those in the cabin where the nearest exits are for them. Undoubtedly, these instructions have saved lives following accidents.

Parents will sometimes have to be proxies for explaining what babies do. That necessity is observably true since every year new products are designed and distributed that babies can take apart and swallow. Check the latest reports of recalls and you’ll soon see what the problem is. Many offerings are designed by people who don’t know very much about babies, and never think to ask parents about what might go wrong.

Pet owners will often be required to translate the psychology and physiology of their animals for offering designers. Many offerings intended for pets are primarily designed to appeal to their owners.

But that appealing design may contain potentially harmful flaws for Fido or Kitty. Pets are inclined to turn any item into little bits and pieces that they may consume, for instance. Although that’s not the intended use, that likelihood needs to be taken into account in designing safe offerings for pets.

Sometimes the dangers aren’t well understood by the beneficiaries, customers, and users. Such lack of understanding is often the case with plants.

I am constantly astonished to see plants with brightly-colored poisonous berries planted near a home’s front door. Presumably, the person who planted the shrub either didn’t have any children or was unaware of the danger.

At the same time, we are struck that labels in plant nurseries often fail to describe the poisonous nature of berries, leaves, roots and other seemingly edible parts of plants. In such cases, it makes sense for offering providers to seek advice from experts about how these potentially deadly ornaments can be made safer. One obvious choice is to be sure that Christmas wreathes and other seasonal decorations eliminate such poisonous substances as holly berries, mistletoe and yew branches.

If you use natural items in your offerings, be sure that you check with experts about how those lovely items can lead to harm.

According to the fact that there are many types and designs of wooden toys available in the market. We can also see a lot of development of these wooden toys. For example, just only a piece of wood that made in airplane shape in the past now wee can have wooden robot which can actually walk and children can control it to do other things by using remote control. These technological developments demonstrate the greater opportunity for children to learn because they will experience the new thing. However, design of wooden toy also have to be taken into account as there are some issue about safety. Particularly for baby and young children who love to play simple type of wooden toys.

Apart from environment preservation issue that make any kind of wooden material have to be limited in terms of the number of goods productions. In some country, there are very strict law and severe penalty for the manufacturers who produce exceed the quota.

However, that one is the impact in larger scale, but for user, other issue has been raised, safety. This come to my attention since, my little baby got the new wooden doll and get injured by stepping on the rolling wheel of the toy and also injure by the fragment of cracked wood from the same piece of toy. So I would like to share this experience with all parents.

If you are considering to buy wooden toy for you child, especially for little baby or very young children. You may have to consider about its design, which should ensure that it is maximum safe during play the toy. Firstly, have a look at the surface or external condition of the wood. In the market there are many types and grades of wood. Some are processed very neatly. However, you should be care full with some type of wood that not well process, which generally has cheaper price. This should bring to attention because of for the wooden toy that has not been coat the surface, thee will be some sharp fragment crack from the wood’s surface and this could harm to children. As you might now that baby or young children always love to take everything into their mouth!!. It is definitely that you just can not risk it and never let it happened to your child.

In summary, you should be careful on the type of wooden toy that may not safe to your child, just to ensure that the toy made from good quality wood and well process as well as having design that safe, such as have no wheels to avoid accident.